Unit+14+Terms

[|rick1ml.jpg]For each of your assigned words, post a definition, a picture or diagram and give an example of the word as it applies to a health care setting.

Riska: Endogenous through organism. Endogenous substances are those that originate from within an organism, tissue, or cell. Endogenous retrovirus are caused by ancient infection of germ cells in humans, mammals and other vertebrates. their proviruses remain in the genome and are passed on to the next generation.

NOSOCOMIAL: are infection which are a result of treatment in a hospital or a healthcare service unit, but secondary to the patient's original condition. Infections are considered nosocomial if they first appear 48 hours or more after hospital admission or within 30 days after discharge. ANTISEPSIS: > > > > > > **Sterilization** involves surgical methods that make a person incapable of reproducing. Some people choose sterilization as a means of birth control. When this method is forced upon people such as undereducated, poor, feeble-minded, young, and minority women and men is becomes eugenics. Eugenics has been variously defined as a wedding of biology and politics with the proclaimed intention of saving the human species. Problem: Sterilization is a choice for some people but for others it is forced upon them. This forced sterilization had been applied to individuals because of their mental abilities, race, and sexuality, this has been known as Eugenics. We maintain that no person should have this state forced upon them against their will but should be allowed to choose them. > > > **Contaminated:** is organisms and pathogens are present. Any object or area that may contain pathogens is considered to be contaminated. > > > > **Bioterrosim**: is the unawful or threatened use of microorganisms or toxins derived from living organisms to produce death or disease in > human, animals, or plants. the act is to create fear, inflict injury and/or death, and to intimidate governments or societes in the pusuit of political, religous or ideological goals. > > > > > **Hepatitis C is a viral disease that leads to swelling (inflammation) of the liver** > > > **Fomites**:A fomite is any object that may be contaminated with infectious organisms and serve in their transmission. If this seems obscure, think of the word "foment."
 * asepsis: (of non-living objects) the state of being free of pathogenic organisms
 * the process of inhibiting the growth and multiplication of microorganisms.
 * Helminths**: Helminth infection is common in malaria endemic areas, and an interaction between the two would be of considerable public health importance. Animal models suggest that helminth infections may increase susceptibility to malaria, but epidemiological data has been limited and contradictory.
 * Hepatitis C: is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). People who may be at risk for hepatitis C are those who:**
 * **Have been on long-term kidney dialysis**
 * **Have regular contact with blood at work (for instance, as a health care worker)**
 * **Have unprotected sexual contact with a person who has hepatitis C**
 * **Inject street drugs or share a needle with someone who has hepatitis C**
 * **Received a blood transfusion before July 1992**
 * **Received blood, blood products, or solid organs from a donor who has hepatitis C**
 * **Share personal items such as toothbrushes and razors with someone who has hepatitis C**
 * **Were born to a hepatitis C-infected mother**


 * Portal of exit**: A place of exit providing a way for the microorganism to leave the reservoir. For example, the microorganism may leave the reservoir through the ..

Diphtheria Infections with haemophilus influenza group B Influenza Measles Mumps Pertussis Poliomyelitis Rubella =Lammi: Microorganism through Portal of Entry=
 * Jerrica bacteria through contaminated:
 * **__Bacteria__-** Simple one-celled organisms that multiply rapidly. In a healthcare settings bacteria are found everywhere, for example tonsilitis is caused by bacteria that set in the back of the throat.
 * [[image:bacteria1.jpg]]
 * **__Bioterrorism-__** the use of microorganism, or biological agents, as weapons to infect humans, animals, or plants. Boiterrorism in the healthcare system would be like someone bringing a harmful new disease into America, contaminating other people.
 * [[image:biohazard2.jpg]]
 * **__Causitive Agent__** - a pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus that can cause a disease. A causitive agents are what make the healthcare system: Borrelia burgdorferi is a spirochete which is the causative agent of Lyme disease
 * [[image:escherichia_coli.jpg]]
 * **__Cavitation__**- when bubbles strike the items being cleaned and explode. When someone is cleaning a tool needed for a surgery and the ubbles explode. Cavition in not always good it can be harmful.
 * [[image:cavitation%20bubbles.jpg width="800" height="562"]]
 * **__Chain of infection__**- the way that infection is spread. doctors try to contain the chain of infection by prescribing medications, or other treatments.
 * [[image:chain-infection.jpg width="752" height="509"]]
 * **__Chemical Disinfection__**- the appropriate term for cold serilization. All the utensils used in the hospital are chemically disinfected.
 * [[image:Cabinet2.jpg]]
 * **__Clean__**-objects or part of tyhe object do not contain disease producing organisms. All areas of the hospital are cleaned numerous amounts of times to stop diseases from spreading.
 * [[image:greenhealth_06_mrclean.jpg]]
 * **__Comunnicable Disease__**- A pathogenic organism that can be easily trnsimitted to others. all of the following are communicable diseases.
 * __Contaminated__**- Is the opposite of clean, the object or part of the object has disease producing organisms.

=
Microorganisms are microscopic organisms that live in area. Types of microorganisms would be bacteria or viruses that can't be seen by the naked eye and must be protected against in hospital areas because they can cause diseases that can make people sicker than they actually are.=====

=
The mode of transmission is how a disease is transmitted form an infected person to a non infected population. It can be a danger in a health care situation because if a patient has a airborn disease, the doctor has to be careful not to catch the disease and therefore must wear a mask.=====

//Karen: Disinfection through Hepatitis C//
_ __**Tu Portral of exit to sterile field**__ A place of exit providing a way for the microorganism to leave the reservoir. For example, the microorganism may leave the reservoir through the nose or mouth when someone sneezes or coughs. Microorganisms, carried away from the body by feces, may also leave the reservoir of an infected bowel. Individuals suffering from a weakened immune system and susceptible to microorganism invasion are isolated to avoid exposure.  A place where microorganisms can thrive and reproduce. For example, microorganisms thrive in human beings, animals, and inanimate objects, such as water, tabletops, and doorknobs. place where something such as water is kept in reserve. 2. The part of a device in which something is kept in reserve or stored, as an [|Ommaya reservoir]. 3. For an infectious agent, an animal, person, plant, soil, or other substance in which the agent normally abides. See: [|Reservoir of infection]. From the French reservoir, from reserver meaning to reserve.   Unable to produce children. Also means free from germs. specified area, such as within a tray or on a sterile towel, that is considered free of microorganisms. an area immediately around a patient that has been prepared for a surgical procedure. The sterile field includes the scrubbed team members, who are properly attired, and all furniture and fixtures in the area  
 * Disinfection:**
 * Droplet Precautions:**
 * Endogenous:**
 * Exogenous:**
 * Fomites:**
 * Fungi:**
 * Hepetitis B:**
 * Hepetitis C:**
 * __Portal of exit __**
 * __Protective Isolation __**
 * __Protozoa __**: Any of a large group of single-celled, usually microscopic, eukaryotic organisms, such as amoebas, ciliates, flagellates, and sporozoans.
 * __Reservoir __**<span style="font-family: 'Garamond','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Garamond','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Rickettsiae __**<span style="font-family: 'Garamond','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">: <span style="font-family: 'Garamond','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> The infectious diseases caused by the rickettsiae. See Rickettsial diseases.. <span style="font-family: 'Garamond','serif';">The infectious diseases caused by the rickettsiae fall into 4 groups:(1) typhus: epidemic typhus, Brill-Zinsser disease, murine (endemic) typhus, and scrub typhus; (2) spotted fever-Rocky Mountain spotted [|fever], Eastern tick-borne rickettsioses, and rickettsialpox; (3) Q fever; and (4) trench fever.
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Garamond','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Standard precautions __**<span style="font-family: 'Garamond','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN;"> refer to safeguards taken that help to keep employees and consumers protected and healthy when there may be the potential to come into contact with blood or other body fluids. They are extremely important in the health care field to prevent the spread of [|infection], but what some people don’t realize is that all workplaces need to be aware of and prepared for using standard precautions if it becomes necessary. You are far more likely to come into contact with body fluid if you’re a nurse or a hospital patient, but there is still a chance that an employee or consumer in an office, store or any other workplace setting could cut themselves or vomit. Each workplace should be trained on how to use standard precautions.
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Garamond','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Sterile __**
 * __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Garamond','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Sterile field __**